Alternatives for the use of biogas obtained from sugarcane vinasses in the “Melanio Hernández” distillery, Sancti Spíritus
Abstract
The work evaluates from a technical, economic and environmental point of view the alternatives for the use of biogas produced from vinasses in the “Melanio Hernández” distillery, Sancti Spíritus province, Cuba. In the research, three possible uses of biogas were considered (thermal energy generation, electrical and thermal energy generation, and food cooking). The methodology was based on material and energy balances, as well as dynamic economic indicators of the investment. A biogas production potential of 25 539 m3/d was obtained, corresponding to an index of 25 m3 of biogas/m3 of vinasses. The replacement of fuel consumption in distillery boiler with biogas was the alternative with the highest annual income for the company, valued at 35,6 million CUP, however, for the country a greater income is obtained ($1,17 million USD) when the previous alternative with the electricity saved in cooking food. The dynamic indicators of the investment were better for the alternative of replacing fuel oil with biogas, with NPV=$1 786 582,63, TIR=26% and PRD of 5,6 years, while the alternative with the greatest reduction in CO2 emissions was the one that considers the replacement of electricity with biogas. The anaerobic digestion of vinasses from the production of ethanol can reduce the consumption of fuel oil and electricity in the alcohol production process, while reducing its high pollution load.
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