STATE AND PROSPECTS FOR FOSSIL ENERGY IN CUBA

Abstract

Energy is an essential component of all economic activity and is required for the production of all goods and provision of all services. In Cuba the energy sector has been evolving constantly in the last 50 years, achieving as the main result the electrification of 97 % of the country, the growth of domestic oil production until to achieve about 47 % of the total consumption, the introduction of the distributed generation of electricity reaching 40 % on the generation, rehabilitation of the
electric appliances, systematization of the Cuban Electricity Conservation Program (PAEC), the Energy Conservation Program of the Ministry of Education (PAEME) and rapid introduction of renewable energy technologies, with good results in demand side management, energy efficiency and energy education. However, challenges exist for future development in Cuba in the coming years; these include to achieve growth in the levels of prospection and exploitation of domestic oil, to diversity the fossil energy and energetic technologies suppliers, energy efficiency and use of renewable energy.